یادگیری زبان انگلیسی
در این وبلاگ میتوانید زبان انگلیسی را بیاموزید
یادگیری زبان انگلیسی
در این وبلاگ میتوانید زبان انگلیسی را بیاموزیدنقد و بررسی شعر To his coy mistress
To his coy mistress = to his shy beloved
We would sit down , and think which way = visual imagery
Thou by the indian ganges' side = allusion
Love you ten years before the flood = religious allusion
Till the conversion of the jews = allusion
My vegetable love should grow = metaphor (hyperbole metaphor) , overstatement
For lady, you deserve this state = ironic
۱. اینقدر عزیزی که من سال ها تو رو ستایش می کردم.
۲. اینقدر بی رحمی که قلبت آخرین قسمت که میتونم بستایم.
Time's winged chariot hurrying near = metaphor
داره میگه چقدر زمان کوتاهه و به سرعت می گذره
Time = to the gods and godess' vehicle
Deserts of vast eternity = allusion to death
Thy beauty shall no more be found = imagery
Birds of prey = similie
Than languish in his slow chopped power
تا این که زیر آرواره هاش خورد بشیم (زمان را به یک حیوان درنده تشبیه کرده است)
Thorough the iron gates of life = metaphor
زندگی را به دروازه های أهنین که در حال بسته شدن است تشبیه کرده است.
تم شعر :We would sit down , and think which way = visual imagery
Thou by the indian ganges' side = allusion
Love you ten years before the flood = religious allusion
Till the conversion of the jews = allusion
My vegetable love should grow = metaphor (hyperbole metaphor) , overstatement
For lady, you deserve this state = ironic
۱. اینقدر عزیزی که من سال ها تو رو ستایش می کردم.
۲. اینقدر بی رحمی که قلبت آخرین قسمت که میتونم بستایم.
Time's winged chariot hurrying near = metaphor
داره میگه چقدر زمان کوتاهه و به سرعت می گذره
Time = to the gods and godess' vehicle
Deserts of vast eternity = allusion to death
Thy beauty shall no more be found = imagery
Birds of prey = similie
Than languish in his slow chopped power
تا این که زیر آرواره هاش خورد بشیم (زمان را به یک حیوان درنده تشبیه کرده است)
Thorough the iron gates of life = metaphor
زندگی را به دروازه های أهنین که در حال بسته شدن است تشبیه کرده است.
Carpe diem = seize(grab) the time
نقد و بررسی شعر because i could not stop for death
Because I could not stop for Death,
He kindly stopped for me;
The carriage held but just ourselves
And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste,
And I had put away
My labor, and my leisure too,
For his civility.
We passed the school, where children strove
At recess, in the ring;
We passed the fields of gazing grain,
We passed the setting sun.
Or rather, he passed us;
The dews grew quivering and chill,
For only gossamer my gown,
My tippet only tulle.
We paused before a house that seemed
A swelling of the ground;
The roof was scarcely visible,
The cornice but a mound.
Since then 'tis centuries, and yet each
Feels shorter than the day
I first surmised the horses' heads
Were toward eternity.
The carriage = metaphor for death
Grain = personification
Setting sun = irony
House = metaphor
به قبر تشبیه شده
Feels shorter than the day = irony
تم شعر :He kindly stopped for me;
The carriage held but just ourselves
And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste,
And I had put away
My labor, and my leisure too,
For his civility.
We passed the school, where children strove
At recess, in the ring;
We passed the fields of gazing grain,
We passed the setting sun.
Or rather, he passed us;
The dews grew quivering and chill,
For only gossamer my gown,
My tippet only tulle.
We paused before a house that seemed
A swelling of the ground;
The roof was scarcely visible,
The cornice but a mound.
Since then 'tis centuries, and yet each
Feels shorter than the day
I first surmised the horses' heads
Were toward eternity.
The carriage = metaphor for death
Grain = personification
Setting sun = irony
House = metaphor
به قبر تشبیه شده
Feels shorter than the day = irony
فکر می کرد به جاودانگی خواهد رسید ؛ اما با مرگ هم به جاودانگی نرسید.
نقد و بررسی شعر Dulce Et Decorum Est
Wilfred Owen Dulce Et Decorum Est
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs
And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
Of disappointed shells that dropped behind.
GAS! Gas! Quick, boys!-- An ecstasy of fumbling,
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time;
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling
And floundering like a man in fire or lime.--
Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light
As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.
In all my dreams, before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.
If in some smothering dreams you too could pace
Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin;
If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,--
My friend, you would not tell with such high zest
To children ardent for some desperate glory,
The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
Pro patria mori.
ادامه مطلب ...
نقد و بررسی شعر shall i compare thee to a summer's day ?
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? (Sonnet 18)
by William Shakespeare
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,
Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st.
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
by William Shakespeare
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,
Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st.
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
ادامه مطلب ...
انواع کنایه و تفاوت بین آن ها
Irony of situation , dramatic irony , verbal.
- irony of situation : your expectations is opposite of real situation.
- verbal : what you said and what you meant.
What a nice day ! = what a horrible day !
- dramatic irony : the difference between what the speaker said and what the author means. The speaker's words may be straight forward, but the author by putting those words in a particular speakers mouth may want to indicate opposite ideas.
- irony of situation : your expectations is opposite of real situation.
- verbal : what you said and what you meant.
What a nice day ! = what a horrible day !
- dramatic irony : the difference between what the speaker said and what the author means. The speaker's words may be straight forward, but the author by putting those words in a particular speakers mouth may want to indicate opposite ideas.
عناصر لازم برای درک و شناخت یک شعر
- سوالات زیر را بپرسید :ـ اگر داستان گویی می کند؛ جویای بازیگران و اتفاقات داستان باشید.
ـ اگر در مورد احساسات صحبت می کند؛ به دنبال یافتن منشا و دلیل احساسات باشید.
ـ به آ هنگ لغات گوش کنید.
ـ اگر شعر حالت داستانی داشت آن را خلاصه کنید.
ادامه مطلب ...
انواع شعر
الف. روایت های ملی مثل شاهنامه فردوسیب. روایت های تاریخی مثل خداوند نامه صبا ـ ظفر نامه
ج. روایت های عشقی مثل لیلی و مجنون ـ شیرین و فرهاد
د. روایت های تمثیلی و اخلاقی مثل مثنوی مولوی ـ بوستان سعدی
- narrat
ive :
ive :
به شعر روایتی گفته میشود. شعر روایتی به قدیمی ترین نوع شعر اطلاق میشود که یک واقعه تاریخی یا قصه و سرگذشت و حکایت را بیان می کند.
2. Dramatic poetry (in which one or more characters speaks)
که به این نوع شعر ؛ تک گویی نمایشی گفته میشود.
3. Lyric poetry (in which a speaker in the poem expresses his or her personal feeling)
به این نوع شعر غنایی گفته میشود.
زیر مجموعه های narrative :
Ballads (غم انگیز)
Epic (حماسی)
Metrical romance
Dramatic :
به شعرهایی که روی سن اجرا میشود و چند کاراکتر در حال حرف زدن هستند و سوال و جواب می کنند.
Lyric : the greeks defined a lyric poem
as a song to be sung with a lyre. A song is still called a lyric (lyric
is usually fairly short not often longer than 50 or 60 lines. It usually
expresses the feelings and thoughts of a single speaker in a personal
way.)
منبع
استاد کاظمی
دانلود کتاب رباعیات خیام به زبان انگلیسی
کتاب رباعیات خیام بیش از هر کتاب دیگر فارسی به زبان های زنده دنیا ترجمه شده است. اگر اهل دل هستید و با نفس گرم حکیم نیشابور آشنا هستید با مطالعه این کتاب هم اندیشه های خیام را مرور خواهید کرد و هم انگلیسی را تمرین میکنید.
دانلود
دانلود کتاب غزلیات حافظ به زبان انگلیسی
غزلیات خواجه شمس الدین محمد حافظ شیرازی نیازی به معرفی ندارد . کتاب غزلیات حافظ به زبان انگلیسی و فارسی ارائه شده است تا هم به عنوان تمرین زبان انگلیسی استفاده شود و هم خستگی مطالعه به لطف زبان شیرین زبان حافظ مرتفع شود.
دانلود
http://wdl.persiangig.com/pages/down...afez%20E2P.pdf
نقد و بررسی نمایشنامه ی King Lear نوشته ی William Shakespeare
Context
The most influential writer in all of English literature, William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to a successful middle-class glove-maker in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Shakespeare attended grammar school, but his formal education proceeded no further. In 1582 he married an older woman, Anne Hathaway, and had three children with her. Around 1590 he left his family behind and traveled to London to work as an actor and playwright. Public and critical success quickly followed, and Shakespeare eventually became the most popular playwright in England and part-owner of the Globe Theater. His career bridged the reigns of Elizabeth I (ruled 1558–1603) and James I (ruled 1603–1625), and he was a favorite of both monarchs. Indeed, James granted Shakespeare’s company the greatest possible compliment by bestowing upon its members the title of King’s Men. Wealthy and renowned, Shakespeare retired to Stratford and died in 1616 at the age of fifty-two. At the time of Shakespeare’s death, literary luminaries such as Ben Jonson hailed his works as timeless.
Shakespeare’s works were collected and printed in various editions in the century following his death, and by the early eighteenth century his reputation as the greatest poet ever to write in English was well established. The unprecedented admiration garnered by his works led to a fierce curiosity about Shakespeare’s life, but the dearth of biographical information has left many details of Shakespeare’s personal history shrouded in mystery. Some people have concluded from this fact and from Shakespeare’s modest education that Shakespeare’s plays were actually written by someone else—Francis Bacon and the Earl of Oxford are the two most popular candidates—but support for this claim is overwhelmingly circumstantial, and the theory is not taken seriously by many scholars.
In the absence of credible evidence to the contrary, Shakespeare must be viewed as the author of the thirty-seven plays and 154 sonnets that bear his name. The legacy of this body of work is immense. A number of Shakespeare’s plays seem to have transcended even the category of brilliance, becoming so influential as to affect profoundly the course of Western literature and culture ever after.
Shakespeare authored King Lear around 1605, between Othello and Macbeth, and it is usually ranked with Hamlet as one of Shakespeare’s greatest plays. The setting of King Lear is as far removed from Shakespeare’s time as the setting of any of his other plays, dramatizing events from the eighth century b.c. But the parallel stories of Lear’s and Gloucester’s sufferings at the hands of their own children reflect anxieties that would have been close to home for Shakespeare’s audience. One possible event that may have influenced this play is a lawsuit that occurred not long before King Lear was written, in which the eldest of three sisters tried to have her elderly father, Sir Brian Annesley, declared insane so that she could take control of his property. Annesley’s youngest daughter, Cordell, successfully defended her father against her sister. Another event that Shakespeare and his audience would have been familiar with is the case of William Allen, a mayor of London who was treated very poorly by his three daughters after dividing his wealth among them. Not least among relevant developments was the then recent transfer of power from Elizabeth I to James I, which occurred in 1603. Elizabeth had produced no male heir, and the anxiety about who her successor would be was fueled by fears that a dynastic struggle along the lines of the fifteenth-century Wars of the Roses might ensue.
Elizabethan England was an extremely hierarchical society, demanding that absolute deference be paid and respect be shown not only to the wealthy and powerful but also to parents and the elderly. King Lear demonstrates how vulnerable parents and noblemen are to the depredations of unscrupulous children and thus how fragile the fabric of Elizabethan society actually was.
The most influential writer in all of English literature, William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to a successful middle-class glove-maker in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Shakespeare attended grammar school, but his formal education proceeded no further. In 1582 he married an older woman, Anne Hathaway, and had three children with her. Around 1590 he left his family behind and traveled to London to work as an actor and playwright. Public and critical success quickly followed, and Shakespeare eventually became the most popular playwright in England and part-owner of the Globe Theater. His career bridged the reigns of Elizabeth I (ruled 1558–1603) and James I (ruled 1603–1625), and he was a favorite of both monarchs. Indeed, James granted Shakespeare’s company the greatest possible compliment by bestowing upon its members the title of King’s Men. Wealthy and renowned, Shakespeare retired to Stratford and died in 1616 at the age of fifty-two. At the time of Shakespeare’s death, literary luminaries such as Ben Jonson hailed his works as timeless.
Shakespeare’s works were collected and printed in various editions in the century following his death, and by the early eighteenth century his reputation as the greatest poet ever to write in English was well established. The unprecedented admiration garnered by his works led to a fierce curiosity about Shakespeare’s life, but the dearth of biographical information has left many details of Shakespeare’s personal history shrouded in mystery. Some people have concluded from this fact and from Shakespeare’s modest education that Shakespeare’s plays were actually written by someone else—Francis Bacon and the Earl of Oxford are the two most popular candidates—but support for this claim is overwhelmingly circumstantial, and the theory is not taken seriously by many scholars.
In the absence of credible evidence to the contrary, Shakespeare must be viewed as the author of the thirty-seven plays and 154 sonnets that bear his name. The legacy of this body of work is immense. A number of Shakespeare’s plays seem to have transcended even the category of brilliance, becoming so influential as to affect profoundly the course of Western literature and culture ever after.
Shakespeare authored King Lear around 1605, between Othello and Macbeth, and it is usually ranked with Hamlet as one of Shakespeare’s greatest plays. The setting of King Lear is as far removed from Shakespeare’s time as the setting of any of his other plays, dramatizing events from the eighth century b.c. But the parallel stories of Lear’s and Gloucester’s sufferings at the hands of their own children reflect anxieties that would have been close to home for Shakespeare’s audience. One possible event that may have influenced this play is a lawsuit that occurred not long before King Lear was written, in which the eldest of three sisters tried to have her elderly father, Sir Brian Annesley, declared insane so that she could take control of his property. Annesley’s youngest daughter, Cordell, successfully defended her father against her sister. Another event that Shakespeare and his audience would have been familiar with is the case of William Allen, a mayor of London who was treated very poorly by his three daughters after dividing his wealth among them. Not least among relevant developments was the then recent transfer of power from Elizabeth I to James I, which occurred in 1603. Elizabeth had produced no male heir, and the anxiety about who her successor would be was fueled by fears that a dynastic struggle along the lines of the fifteenth-century Wars of the Roses might ensue.
Elizabethan England was an extremely hierarchical society, demanding that absolute deference be paid and respect be shown not only to the wealthy and powerful but also to parents and the elderly. King Lear demonstrates how vulnerable parents and noblemen are to the depredations of unscrupulous children and thus how fragile the fabric of Elizabethan society actually was.
ادامه مطلب ...